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先议权的存在使得先议部门可以依据法律规定,根据未成年人罪错行为的危害性与其矫正可能性对罪错未成年人适用最符合个案情况的程序与措施。我国未成年人司法近年来虽然已经取得了显著突破,但是先议权的配置不合理致使实践中各机关处理的未成年人罪错案件数量相差悬殊,难以匹配近年来我国未成年人犯罪的趋势。而美国作为最早建立未成年人司法体系的国家,其先议权配置结构历经多年发展,最终使各先议部门于未成年人司法程序中,对其审查的案件都实现了半数左右的分流转处,形成了漏斗式的结构,以此达到社会防卫与未成年人保护的平衡。本文希望通过分析美国先议权配置结构的经验,并基于我国国情及未成年人司法现状,取精用宏,为我国构建合理的先议权配置结构贡献些许建议。
Abstract:The existence of the prior deliberation right enables the prior deliberation department to apply the procedures and measures that are most in line with the case situation to juvenile delinquents according to the harmfulness of juvenile delinquents and the possibility of correction according to the law. Although a significant breakthrough has been made in the juvenile justice system in recent years, the unreasonable allocation of prior deliberation power resulted in a wide difference in the number of juvenile delinquency cases handled by various organs in practice, which made it difficult to match the trend of juvenile delinquency in recent years. As the first country to establish a juvenile justice system, the United States has developed its structure of prior deliberation right allocation for many years. Finally, in the juvenile justice process, the various prior deliberation departments have realized about half of the cases examined by them. The diversion has formed a funnel-shaped structure to achieve a balance between social defense and juvenile protection. Therefore, this paper hopes to analyze the experience of the U.S. prior deliberation rights allocation structure,and based on China's national conditions and the status quo of juvenile justice, take the essence and use the macro, and contribute some suggestions for China to build a reasonable pre-emptive rights allocation structure.
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基本信息:
DOI:
中图分类号:D971.2;DD914
引用信息:
[1]刘旭坤.美国未成年人罪错案件先议权配置的经验与启示[J].北京青年研究,2023,32(03):93-100.
基金信息: